Which term describes a type of investment strategy aimed at borrowing shares to sell them?

Short selling is a specific investment strategy that involves borrowing shares of a stock and then selling them on the market, with the intention of buying them back later at a lower price. The fundamental idea behind short selling is to profit from a decline in the stock's price. When an investor believes that a stock is overpriced or that its value will decrease, they can execute a short sale by borrowing shares from a broker, selling those shares, and hoping to repurchase them when the price drops. If successful, the investor returns the borrowed shares to the broker and keeps the difference as profit.

In the context of the other options, equity investment refers to owning shares in a company, which is quite the opposite of short selling. A long position investment involves buying shares with the expectation that their value will increase, further contrasting with the short selling strategy. Market timing deals with predicting the future movements of stock prices to make investment decisions at advantageous moments, which does not specifically pertain to the act of borrowing and selling shares. Thus, short selling is clearly the term that accurately describes the strategy of borrowing and selling shares in the market.